14 posts tagged with "migrations"

Prepared for an Atlas Community Webinar, October 2024

Introduction​

In recent years, the shift to declarative resource management has transformed modern infrastructure practices. Groundbreaking projects like Terraform, for infrastructure as code, and Kubernetes, for container orchestration, have exemplified the power of this approach. By focusing on what the end state should be rather than how to achieve it, declarative methods make systems more scalable, predictable, and easier to maintain—essential qualities for handling today's complex environments.

However, when it comes to managing database schemas, the industry has been slow to adopt declarative workflows. Atlas was created almost four years ago to address this gap.

Atlas supports two kinds of database schema migration workflows:

• Versioned Migrations - each change to the database is described as a migration script, essentially a SQL file containing the SQL commands to apply the change. Migrations are versioned and applied in order.

  Contrary to most existing migration tools, Atlas relies on users defining the desired state of the database schema in code Atlas generates the necessary migration scripts to bring the database to the desired state.

• Declarative Migrations - the database schema is described in a declarative way, and changes are applied by comparing the desired schema with the current schema and generating the necessary SQL commands to bring the database to the desired state.

To date, most teams that used Atlas in production have used it's versioned migration workflow which synthesizes the simplicity and explicitness of classic migration tools with the benefit of automated migration generation.

Recent improvements to Atlas have addressed many of the challenges and concerns teams have expressed around using declarative migrations in production in the past. In this post, we'll take a deep dive into the declarative migration workflow

"Everything on Atlas is just making too much sense for us."
— Kaushik Shanadi, Chief Architect

Conceal, a cybersecurity company, creates a secure browsing experience using a browser extension. With a lean engineering team, When Conceal shifted from serving individual consumers to working with managed service providers (MSPs), their clients' security requirements drove the need for a robust, multi-tenant architecture to ensure data isolation and scalability.

Kaushik Shanadi, VP and Chief Architect, led the charge in finding that solution.

Adapted from a talk given at Kube Native 2024:

Introduction​

Database schema migrations are a critical part of the software development lifecycle. They allow us to evolve our data model as our application grows and changes. However, migrations can also be a significant source of risk and downtime if not handled carefully.

Despite teams applying all the common best practices, such as using a migration tool to automate changes and carefully examining each migration before approving it during code review, issues still slip through the cracks, making migrations a source of significant headaches for many engineering teams.

This post explores five strategies for making database schema migrations more reliable by introducing Atlas, a database schema-as-code tool that helps teams make their database schema changes both safer and easier to manage.

Hi everyone,

It's been about a month since our last release, and we're excited to announce that Atlas v0.26 is now available! In this release we are happy to introduce a new feature that has been requested by many of you: support for Entity Framework Core. As part of our ever going effort to improve the quality and coverage of our documentation, we have published a set of guides on testing database schemas and migrations as well as a new GORM Portal.

Additionally, we have published an official "Supported Version Policy" and made some changes to our EULA, described below.

The Evolution of Database Schema Management​

In today's world, where software is developed and deployed at a rapid pace, selecting the right tools for your team is crucial. The right tools can help you move faster, be more productive, and reduce the risk of errors and bugs. Most backend applications are backed by a database, and maintaining the database schema is a critical part of the development process.

Our industry has seen many trends in the way database schemas evolve over the years. In the early days, DBAs would manually run SQL DDL commands directly against the database through a terminal. Then came GUI based, point-and-click database management tools that included schema editing capabilities.

In the early 2000s, we saw the rise of "database migration tools" that allowed developers to write versioned database upgrade scripts (usually in SQL), called "migrations", that would be executed by the tool itself. This trend was further intensified with the rise of DevOps and CI/CD, as it became the de-facto standard way for automating database schema management.

In part one, we demonstrated how to initialize an Atlas project, and create a CI/CD pipeline that automatically plans, verifies and stores your database migrations in Atlas Cloud using GitHub Actions.

In this part, we will show how to deploy these migrations using the Atlas Operator and ArgoCD to demonstrate a complete GitOps workflow for database migrations.

How to GitOps your Database Migrations on Kubernetes​

"We can wrap existing schema management solutions into containers, and run them in Kubernetes as Jobs. But that is SILLY. That is not how we work in Kubernetes."

-Viktor Farcic, DevOps ToolKit

GitOps is a software development and deployment methodology that uses Git as the central repository for both code and infrastructure configuration, enabling automated and auditable deployments.

ArgoCD is a Kubernetes-native continuous delivery tool that implements GitOps principles. It uses a declarative approach to deploy applications to Kubernetes, ensuring that the desired state of the application is always maintained.

Kubernetes Operators are software extensions to Kubernetes that enable the automation and management of complex, application-specific, operational tasks with domain-specific knowledge within a Kubernetes cluster.

In this tutorial, we will use the Atlas Operator in tandem with Atlas Cloud and ArgoCD to create a slick, modern GitOps workflow for managing your database migrations natively in Kubernetes.

For the sake of brevity, we are going to split this guide into two parts:

1. In part one, we will show how to initialize an Atlas project, and create a CI/CD pipeline that will automatically plan, verify and store your database migrations in Atlas Cloud using GitHub Actions.
2. In part two, we will show how to deploy these migrations using the Atlas Operator and ArgoCD to demonstrate a complete GitOps workflow for database migrations.

Introduction​

As your application's data model evolves, you will need to make changes to your database schema. In today's world, where teams are expected to own their infrastructure and ship code faster than ever, it is important to have a reliable and repeatable process for managing database schema changes.

Atlas lets you manage your database schema as code. It is a modern schema management tool that applies concepts from modern DevOps tools to database schema management. Using Atlas, teams can automatically plan, verify, deploy and monitor database schema changes.

Microsoft SQL Server, one of the longest-standing database engines in our business, was first released by Microsoft in 1989. MS-SQL is the go-to database for Windows environments in many industries.

In this guide, we will demonstrate how to use Atlas to automatically generate migrations for your Microsoft SQL Server databases.

TL;DR​

Atlas now supports AWS IAM authentication, which enables you to perform passwordless schema migrations on your RDS databases. To use it with Atlas, add the aws_rds_token data source to your atlas.hcl configuration file:

data "aws_rds_token" "mydb" {
  endpoint = "mydb.123456789012.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com:3306"
  username = "atlas"
}

To skip the intro and jump straight to the tutorial, click here.

Introduction​

When we started building Atlas a couple of years ago, we noticed that there was a substantial gap between what was then considered state-of-the-art in managing database schemas and the recent strides from Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC) to managing cloud infrastructure.

In this post, we review that gap and show how Atlas – along with its Terraform provider – can bridge the two domains.

As an aside, I usually try to keep blog posts practical and to the point, but occasionally think it’s worth it to zoom out and explain the grander ideas behind what we do.

If you’re looking for a quick and practical explanation of working with Atlas and Terraform, I recommend this YouTube video.