The Hidden Bias of Alembic and Django Migrations (and when to consider alternatives)
Python has been a top programming language for the past decade, known for its simplicity and rich ecosystem. Many companies use it to build web apps and server software, thanks to frameworks like Django and SQLAlchemy.
One of the most common (and often loathed) tasks when building backend applications is managing the database schema. As the app's data model evolves, developers need to modify the database schema to reflect those changes. This is where database schema migration tools come into play.
Why devs ❤️ Django Migrations and Alembic
As far as migration tools go, SQLAlchemy and Django have both built out robust solutions for managing database schema through Alembic and Django Migrations, which stand out as some of the best in the field. They have both been around for a while, becoming popular due to their code-first approach:
- First, developers define their database schema as code through Python classes, which are also used at runtime to interact with the database.
- Next, the migration tool automatically generates the necessary SQL to apply those changes to the database.
For most projects, these tools work well and are a great fit, but there are some cases where you should consider looking at a specialized schema management tool. In this article, we'll explore some of the limitations of ORM-based migration tools and present Atlas, a database schema-as-code tool that integrates natively with both Django and SQLAlchemy.